zabbix自动发现交换机接口信息监控网络设备流量模板配置

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1、思科交换机snmp配置

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建立snmp团体，名称为public，权限为只读
(config)#snmp-server community public ro
    允许路由器将所有类型SNMP Trap发送出去
(config)#snmp-server enable traps
    设置主机172.16.0.21接受交换机所发送过来的SNMP Trap 信息
(config)#snmp-server host 172.16.0.21 version 2c public
    使用loopback0接口的IP地址作为SNMP Traps发送源地址，这个随便可以不用。
(config)#snmp-server trap-source loopback0
    zabbix执行测试
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public   172.16.0.1

配置发现规则 这里使用深信服设备

配置 → 模板→点击适当模板行中的发现
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点击屏幕右上角的创建发现规则
填写发现规则表单，具体细节如下面的屏幕截图所示
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名称 Network interfaces
类型  SNMPv2 agent
键值 ifDescr
SNMP OID discovery[{#SNMPVALUE},IF-MIB::ifDescr]
SNMP community {$SNMP_COMMUNITY}
端口 161

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要发现的OID在SNMP OID字段中按以下格式定义： discovery[{#MACRO1}, oid1, {#MACRO2}, oid2, …,]
其中{#MACRO1}，{#MACRO2} ...是有效的宏名称，oid1，oid2 ...是能够为这些宏生成有意义的值的OID。包含已发现OID索引的内置宏{#SNMPINDEX}将应用于发现的实体。发现的实体按{#SNMPINDEX}宏值分组。

为了理解我们的意思，让我们在我们的交换机上执行几个步骤：
snmpwalk获取接口描述

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[root@localhost~]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public  172.16.0.1  IF-MIB:ifDescr
IF-MIB::ifDescr.1 = STRING: lo
IF-MIB::ifDescr.2 = STRING: blackhole
IF-MIB::ifDescr.3 = STRING: eth0
IF-MIB::ifDescr.4 = STRING: eth1
IF-MIB::ifDescr.5 = STRING: eth2
IF-MIB::ifDescr.6 = STRING: eth3
IF-MIB::ifDescr.7 = STRING: eth4
IF-MIB::ifDescr.8 = STRING: eth5
IF-MIB::ifDescr.9 = STRING: bond0
IF-MIB::ifDescr.10 = STRING: bond1
IF-MIB::ifDescr.11 = STRING: bond2
IF-MIB::ifDescr.12 = STRING: bond3
IF-MIB::ifDescr.13 = STRING: bond4
IF-MIB::ifDescr.14 = STRING: gre0
IF-MIB::ifDescr.15 = STRING: vlan0
IF-MIB::ifDescr.16 = STRING: vpntun
IF-MIB::ifDescr.17 = STRING: Tun0
IF-MIB::ifDescr.18 = STRING: Tun
[root@localhost~]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public  172.16.0.1 IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.1 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.2 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.3 = STRING: 68:ed:a4:a:5f:d1
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.4 = STRING: 68:ed:a4:a:5f:d4
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.5 = STRING: 68:ed:a4:a:5f:d3
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.6 = STRING: 68:ed:a4:a:5f:d2
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.7 = STRING: 68:ed:a4:b:d8:71
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.8 = STRING: 68:ed:a4:b:d8:72
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.9 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.10 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.11 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.12 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.13 = STRIN
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.14 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.15 = STRING: 2:0:4c:69:36:49
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.16 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.17 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.18 = STRING:

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并将SNMP OID设置为： discovery[{#IFDESCR}, ifDescr, {#IFPHYSADDRESS}, ifPhysAddress]

监控项原型

获取接口出流量信息

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[root@localhost~]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public  172.16.0.1 ifoutOctets
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.1 = Counter32: 2312213349
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.3 = Counter32: 1302935657
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.4 = Counter32: 2736366927
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.5 = Counter32: 16974643
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.6 = Counter32: 242096597
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.7 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.8 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.9 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.10 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.11 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.12 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.13 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.14 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.15 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.16 = Counter32: 2958989090
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.17 = Counter32: 1787720
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.18 = Counter32: 0

添加item

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名称 Outbound traffic on interface $1
类型 SNMPv2 agent
键值 ifOutOctets[{#SNMPVALUE}]
SNMP OID IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.{#SNMPINDEX}
SNMPcommunity {$SNMP_COMMUNITY}
端口 161

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进流量只需要改
名称  Incoming traffic on interface $1
键值 ifInOctets[{#SNMPVALUE}]
SNMP OID IF-MIB::ifInOctets.{#SNMPINDEX}

根据需要创建尽可能多的项目原型
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Graph prototypes 创建图形

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名称： {#SNMPVALUE}接口流量信息

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主机添加模板省略（博客不方便放图片）

配置新加网络设备Macros参数

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设置 Host macros :  MACRO : {$SNMP_COMMUNITY}  ； VALUE : public (VALUE 值是配置网络设备SNMP的团体字符串)

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查看监控

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官网资料https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/manual/discovery/low_level_discovery/snmp_oidsG: